Do you have to program a used replacement ECM "engine control module"

1997, 4Runner, 6 cylinder, 4wheel drive, Runs about 6 minutes (gets warm) then shuts off until the next day. Bought a used ECM and the engine starts and runs for 2 seconds then shuts off. Is the used ECM bad? The seller said I have to have it reprogrammed. If so the cost?

The used ECM is identical to the original.

 

I would say same P/N but, needs to "paired" to Vin. I believe.

 

Does the EMC have to be in the vehicle to be programed? I have the VIN and the ECM out but can't drive the vehicle.

 

On these? I don't think so. A quick search says that they should be plug and play. Your 2023 is a far more complicated beast.

 

Actually, there may need to be programming for any security features or keys:
https://www.yotatech.com/forums/f2/1996-4runner-ecu-have-reprogram-247904/